Secrete antibiotics and synthetic antibacterial means. Most bacteria, apart from the cell membrane (cytoplasmic membrane), are outside the cell wall, which contains layers of peptidoglycan (murein, long chains of disaccharide joined by peptide bridges). In this case, the strength of the cell wall decreases and growing the bacteria are killed. Most strains dynamic staphylococci acquired resistance to benzilpeni-tsillinam as Staphylococcus these strains produce penicillinase (betalaktamazu1) - an enzyme that destroys the molecules of benzylpenicillin. Education peptidoglycan begins in the cytoplasm. Penicillin, in addition, can be administered intravenously. In the ratio of specific pathogens isolated here effective and less toxic antimicrobial agents treatment of choice (drugs 1st series, Table 13). In low concentrations (0,5-1%) of silver nitrate is used in communicable eye diseases (trachoma, conjunctivitis), and higher - in the treatment of skin ulcers, erosions, fissures, and for the removal of excess granulation warts. Means that violate the bacterial cell wall, prevent the synthesis of peptides tidoglikana or break the relationship between chains peptidoglycan. For the discovery of penicillium-on and its therapeutic effect, all these researchers in 1945 received the Nobel Prize. To antibiotics, which are mainly bactericidal include, in particular, penicillins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, polymyxins. Benzylpenicillin break links between chains of peptidoglycan of bacterial cell walls - reduce the activity of transpeptidase, which promotes the formation of peptide bridges connecting the chain of peptidoglycan, as well as reduce the activity enzymes that inhibit mureingidralazu. 1 As a result violated the strength of the bacterial To Keep Vein Open wall that manifests bactericidal effect. Benzylpenicillin act mainly on Gram-positive microorganisms. Other salts Hg - mercury oksitsianid, mercury oxide, yellow is less toxic and are used as preservatives in conjunctivitis, blepharitis, and mercury amidohlorid - with skin infections. Distinguish between biosynthetic and semisynthetic penicillins. This group of drugs include the waste products of microorganisms (mostly fungi) and their synthetic derivatives. Somewhat less sensitive to penicillin gonorrhea-cocci and meningococci. In intramuscular preparations vary in the rate of nastuple-effect concentrations in the blood, the duration action. Semisynthetic penicillins are divided into 1) penicillin-resistant fine-tsillinaze, 2) broad-spectrum penicillin. After intramuscular injection of benzylpenicillin (sodium salt of benzyl penicillin, penicillin G) in the blood quickly created high concentration of the drug, which is held about 4 pm The drug dynamic particularly indicated for acute bacterial infections - Acute streptococcal infections, pneumonia kruppoznoy (called pneumococci) LORinfektsiyah (pharyngitis, otitis media) Lyme disease in children, anthrax, syphilis, actinomycosis, gas gan-Grenier and other infections caused by sensitive to benzylpenicillin microorganisms. Benzalkonium chloride has antibacterial, protivoprotozoynoe and spermicidal action. Can cause severe poisoning. Peptidoglycan consists of chains formed by repeated (60 times) complex of the two amino sugars - Natsetilmuramovoy Peroxidase and Natsetilglkzhozamina. Benzylpenicillin procaine (novocaine salt of benzylpenicillin) after intramuscular injection is absorbed slowly; concentration in the blood is lower than the introduction of the sodium salt, but the duration of action substantially more - up to 12 hours Use the drug for syphilis, anthrax, diphtheria, infections, oro-hand cavity, mainly in the chronic course of diseases dynamic . Miramistim used as a 0.01% solution as an antiseptic in the stoma-tologicheskoy practice to treat infected wounds, burns, infectious diseases LORorganov, urogenital system. To anionic detergents are reflected here ordinary soap (sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids). Silver nitrate dynamic caustic) in concentrations up to 2% have antimicrobial action, but in higher concentrations acts as a cautery. Detergents - a substance with a high surface activity. Dispense drugs benzylpenicillin units or fractions of a gram (1,000,000 IU = 600 mg). Intravenously slowly drip medication is administered in streptococcal endocarditis, meningococcal meningitis. Cetylpyridinium chloride in the composition of the drug "Tserigel" is used for formation of processing your hands before operations. Distinguish anionic and cationic detergents. By the nature of the antibacterial action distinguish bactericidal anti-biotics (causing death of bacteria) and antibiotics, acting bacteriostatic (inhibit the growth and reproduction of bacteria). Astringent and slabyantisepticheski-properties. Included in the liniment Balsam by Wisniewski. These drugs vypus-cabins in vials as a dry substance that diluted before administration and injected intramuscularly (into the appointment of these drugs are ineffective, as the collapse dynamic HC1 gastric juice). In 1929, Fleming (UK) discovered antimicrobial properties of the-Lena mold (Penicillium), and in 1940 it Compatriots Positive Airway Pressure and Chain received penicillin. Predominantly dynamic tetracyclines, hloramfeni-count, macrolides, linkozamidy. Benzylpenicillin highly effective (are the drugs Basal Cell Carcinoma choice) dynamic the ratio of streptococci, pneumococci, pale treponemes, the anthrax bacillus, diphtheria bacillus, activators of gas gangrene and tetanus, Lyme dynamic actinomycetes.
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